Acne treatment

1. Over-the-Counter (OTC) Treatments: For mild acne, OTC treatments can often provide relief. These products typically contain ingredients like benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, or sulfur. Benzoyl peroxide fights bacteria and reduces inflammation, while salicylic acid exfoliates and unclogs pores. These treatments are readily available and can be an excellent starting point for managing mild acne.

2. Prescription Topicals: We may prescribe stronger topical treatments like retinoids, which are derived from vitamin A. Retinoids work by unclogging pores, reducing inflammation, and promoting skin cell turnover. Adapalene, tretinoin, and tazarotene are common retinoids used in acne treatment. These medications might cause some initial irritation but can yield remarkable results over time.

3. Oral Medications: In cases of moderate to severe acne, oral medications may be recommended. Antibiotics like doxycycline or minocycline can help control bacteria and inflammation. For females, oral contraceptives can regulate hormone levels and decrease breakouts. Isotretinoin, known for its potency, is used for severe, resistant acne, but it requires close monitoring due to potential side effects.

4. In-Office Procedures: There are various in-office treatments, such as chemical peels, microdermabrasion, and laser therapy. Chemical peels remove dead skin cells, while microdermabrasion exfoliates the skin. Laser and light therapies target bacteria and reduce oil production. These procedures are often used in conjunction with other treatments for optimal results.

5. Lifestyle Adjustments: In addition to medical interventions, making certain lifestyle changes can support acne management. Regularly cleansing the skin with a gentle cleanser and avoiding harsh scrubbing is crucial. Using non-comedogenic skincare products helps prevent pore clogging. A balanced diet, rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, can also contribute to clearer skin.